| REVIEW ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2021 | Volume
: 12
| Issue : 4 | Page : 183-187 |
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Methods of dietary sodium estimation
P Aparna1, Harshal Ramesh Salve1, Anand Krishnan1, Ramakrishnan Lakshmy2, Sanjeev Kumar Gupta1, Baridalyne Nongkynrih1
1 Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
2 Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. P Aparna
232, 20th Main, B block, 3rd Stage, Vijaynagar, Mysore - 570 030, Karnataka
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_97_21
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Excessive dietary sodium intake is found to be associated with high blood pressure and its consequences such as cardiovascular disease and stroke. Daily sodium intake is found to vary from place to place as it is dependent on geography, ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, etc. In this review, we summarize the various methods of assessment of daily sodium intake such as dietary estimation methods using 24-h dietary recall, food frequency questionnaire and diet record, and biochemical methods using 24-h urine sodium or spot urine sodium estimation. Daily sodium intake estimated with spot urine sodium is dependent on the equation used to convert spot urine sodium to 24-h urine sodium. To identify the appropriate equation, validation studies need to be conducted. Population level sodium intake and it's monitoring is important for reduction of noncommunicable diseases.
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